General Chemistry

To solve the given chemical reaction and predict the products, we start by identifying the reactants and their properties. The reactants in this equation are calcium hydroxide, \( \text{Ca(OH)}_2 \), which is a strong base, and hydrochloric acid, \( \text{HCl} \), which is a strong acid. ### Step 1: Predict the Reaction Products When an acid reacts with a base, the typical reaction products are a salt and water. This type of reaction is known as a neutralization reaction. In this specific case: - \( \text{Ca(OH)}_2 \) provides \( \text{Ca}^{2+} \) ions. - \( \text{HCl} \) dissociates into \( \text{H}^+ \) and \( \text{Cl}^- \) ions. The \( \text{H}^+ \) ions from \( \text{HCl} \) will react with the \( \text{OH}^- \) ions from \( \text{Ca(OH)}_2 \) to form water (\( \text{H}_2\text{O} \)). The \( \text{Ca}^{2+} \) ions will react with the \( \text{Cl}^- \) ions to form calcium chloride (\( \text{CaCl}_2 \)). Thus, the reaction can be written as: \[ \text{Ca(OH)}_2 + \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{CaCl}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \] ### Step 2: Balance the Chemical Equation To balance the equation, we need to ensure that the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation. 1. Start by balancing the calcium (\( \text{Ca} \)) atoms: - There is 1 \( \text{Ca} \) atom on both sides. 2. Next, balance the chlorine (\( \text{Cl} \)) atoms: - There are 2 \( \text{Cl} \) atoms in \( \text{CaCl}_2 \), so we need 2 \( \text{HCl} \) molecules. 3. Balance the hydrogen (\( \text{H} \)) atoms: - There are 2 \( \text{H} \) atoms in 2 molecules of \( \text{HCl} \) and 2 \( \text{H} \) atoms in 2 molecules of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \). 4. Finally, balance the oxygen (\( \text{O} \)) atoms: - There are 2 \( \text{O} \) atoms in \( \text{Ca(OH)}_2 \) and 2 \( \text{O} \) atoms in 2 molecules of \( \text{H}_2\text{O} \). The balanced chemical equation is: \[ \text{Ca(OH)}_2 + 2\text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{CaCl}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \] ### Step 3: Classify the Type of Reaction This reaction is a neutralization reaction, where an acid and a base react to form a salt and water. ### Conclusion The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between calcium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid is: \[ \text{Ca(OH)}_2 + 2\text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{CaCl}_2 + 2\text{H}_2\text{O} \] This equation represents a neutralization reaction, which is a type of double displacement reaction.

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Predict the products for the following reactions, balance the equation, and classify the type of reaction. Show all your work. 1) ___Ca(OH)₂ + ___HCl → Show all your work.

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